For stairs, the value of depends on the stair riser and tread that is input in the Pathfinder user interface, Figure 4. Where is the occupant’s maximum speed entered in the user interface as Speed, is the density speed modifier, and is the terrain speed modifier. These values are not appropriate for a vertical ladder, so we will use a stair speed modifier to obtain the desired value.Īs described in the Pathfinder Technical Reference section Path Following in SFPE Mode, the occupant base speed, is given by: By default Pathfinder modifies the speed on stairs based on the approach described in the SFPE Engineering Guide – Human Behavior in Fire, 2003. We want to specify occupant speed on a ladder. The walking surface of the ladders is the face of the ladder whose normal has a small positive Z component. Because the ladders connect to opposite sides of the holes, there is a slight slope to the ladders. The cutouts in the top and bottom floors are vertically aligned and measure 1 m by 0.5 m. In this model, the distance between floors is 20 m. Figure 3: Model of ladders connecting two rooms. Figure 3 shows ladders connecting two floors. Pathfinder does not have ladders, but ladders can be represented as steep stairs. Figure 2: Cutouts required for a stairs that connects center of rooms. Figure 1: Normal stairs connecting two rooms. The walking surface is naturally defined as the top surface of the stairs. The top cutout must be larger than the occupant radius and stairs cannot be truly vertical, there must be some slope. If the stairs connect the interiors of the rooms, cutouts at the top and bottom must be used, Figure 2. Each end of the stairs must connect to boundary edges of the rooms. Kristensen, Francisco Manuel Dieguez Barreiro, Hana Softic, and Yannan Zhou.įigure 1 shows normal stairs.
Saqib Mehmood was joined on this project by a team including Anders S. This question came from Saqib Mehmood of Aalborg University in Denmark, who was modeling wind turbine evacuation. This post will describe the details of how to accomplish this. We recently had a question about modeling vertical ladders in Pathfinder.
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